This file is not intended to be read by humans. Please see the formatted index to item ref. cks105 - Volume 35(3)

# ===== HEADER SECTION
#
%0 Journal
%1 cavekarstscience
%2 £6.00 plus postage
%J Cave and Karst Science
%E John Gunn, David Lowe
%D 2008
%C Buxton
%I British Cave Research Association
%P iv + 48
%Z A4, with photos, maps and diagrams
%N 35(3),2008 (December),January 2010
%@ ISSN 1356-191X
%3 The Transactions of the British Cave Research Association
%_ end

# ===== ARTICLES SECTION

%P i
%T Front cover photo
%A Tony Waltham
%X A splendid piece of phreatic tube at Guilin, China, truncated by the Li River and now isolated in a modest remnant tower. The site is known as Elephant Trunk Hill (Xiangbi Shan) after its passing resemblance to a drinking elephant when seen from the more frequently visited viewpoint on the other side. The cave is a relict of an ancient and undated drainage system that developed before surface lowering intersected it while the karst evolved into the fine fenglin that now surrounds Guilin. Photograph by Tony Waltham
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%P ii
%T Notes for Contributors
%Z free
%_ end

%P 73
%T Contents
%Z free
%_ end

%P 74
%T Corrigenda to Vol 35(1&2)
%Z free
%_ end

%P 75
%T Editorial
%A Dave Lowe, John Gunn
%Z free
%_ end

%P 76
%T Jack Myers leaves BCRA a substantial bequest
%A David Checkley
%Z free
%_ end

%P 77-88
%9 Paper
%T Fengcong, fenglin, cone karst and tower karst
%A Tony Waltham
%X Fengcong and fenglin are the two major types of karst terrain as defined in Chinese literature. They correlate only loosely with the Western terms of cone and tower karst respectively. With its isolated towers rising from a karst plain, fenglin is the most extreme form of karst landscape, and much of it may evolve from fengcong where tectonic uplift is critically slow, but overall it appears to be polygenetic. It is suggested that fengcong and fenglin are more useful karst terms with genetic implications and should take precedence, whereas cones and towers should be used purely as descriptive terms.
%8 Received 16 March 09; Accepted 19 October 09
%Z summary
%_ end

%P 89-94
%9 Paper
%T Size matters: scalar phenomena and a proposal for an ecological definition of 'cave'
%A Max Moseley
%X Caves, as ecological units, are redefined in terms of the ecologically-significant scalar phenomena that, in contrast with such traditional criteria as perpetual darkness, environmental stability and oligotrophy, are the special characteristics of large cavities (macrocaverns) in rocks. When so defined, 'caves' are ecologically distinct from the mesocaverns and all other subterranean habitats. Some implications of this perspective for the ecological classification of animals found in subterranean habitats are briefly discussed.
%K caves, scalar phenomena, macrocaverns, mesocaverns, communities, terminology
%8 Received 10 July 09; Accepted 12 September 09
%Z summary
%_ end

%P 95-104
%9 Paper
%T Karst drainage relations with catchment land use change, Mole Creek, Tasmania, Australia
%A Deborah L Hunter, Trevor W Lewis, Joanna Ellison
%X Since 2001, the previously perennial Parsons' Spring of the Mole Creek fluviokarst in northwestern Tasmania, Australia, has become intermittent in discharge. This change follows the establishment of 636 ha of eucalypt plantations since 1995 above the Spring, including where Quaternary slope deposits obscure the geological contact of the limestone with overlying rocks. In this 2008 study, water quality was compared and contrasted between Parsons' Spring and other sites in the study catchment and a resurgence in a nearby reference catchment over different flow conditions and in response to a rainstorm. Results show that the study spring has a mixed recharge regime and complex discharge controls, including diffuse and conduit hydrological components. Parsons' Spring is probably the main wet season overflow spring of a distributary system connected to the phreatic aquifer underlying the area. Apparent chemical 'signatures' indicating soil disturbance in the study spring's waters implied the presence of an epikarst reservoir beneath the slope deposits cultivated for plantation establishment. Given their location, extent and growth stage, the plantations are expected to reduce aquifer recharge substantially by 2013-2018 as interception of recharge increases. The consequent reduction of available aquifer yield would result in economic stress for the rural community and compromise of karst ecosystems. (This paper was first presented audio-visually at a conference of the Australian Speleological Federation in January 2009, and a shorter version has been submitted for the conference proceedings).
%8 Received 14 January 09; Accepted 20 September 09
%Z summary
%_ end

%P 105-106
%9 Report
%T A uranium-series date from a karst cave on the North York Moors, Yorkshire, UK
%A Phillip J Murphy, David J Lowe
%8 Received 02 September 09; Accepted 08 October 09
%Z summary
%_ end

%P 107-110
%9 Report
%T Bhimbetka Caves, Madhya Pradesh, India
%A Tony Waltham
%X The Bhimbetka Hills in central India are made of Precambrian quartzitic sandstone and contain hundreds of small caves and rock shelters, with origins similar to those of other caves in quartzite. The caves are also notable for their wealth of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic paintings.
%K cave, sandstone, paintings, India
%8 Received 25 April 09; Accepted 29 May 09
%Z summary
%_ end

%P 111-114
%9 Report
%T New uranium-series dates from Keld Head, Kingsdale, North Yorkshire, UK
%A Phil Murphy, John Cordingley, Tony Waltham
%X Dated stalagmite flowstone from the underwater passages in Keld Head indicates that the cave was partially drained about 89,000 years ago. This implies that the cave was draining into a Kingsdale valley that had a lower floor profile prior to deposition of the Raven Ray moraine and subsequent alluviation of the main valley floor.
%K Kingsdale, stalagmite, uranium-series dates, glaciation, alluviation
%8 Received 09 September 09; Accepted 16 September 09
%Z summary
%_ end

%P 115-120
%9 Forum
%T Abstracts Of the 20th BCRA Cave Science Symposium, University of Sheffield, 7 March 2009, and Field Meeting, Creswell Crags, 8 March 2009
%Z free
%_ end

%P 120
%9 Forum
%T Book Review
%X Hydromythology and the ancient Greek world, an earth science perspective emphasizing karst hydrology, by Cindy Clendenon. Published by Fineline Science Press, Lansing, Michigan. 2009. xvii + 502 pp. 7 maps. Soft back. ISBN 978-0-9818421-0-3. Price US $ 32.95.
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%P iii
%T Research Fund and Grants
%Z free
%_ end

%P iv
%T Back cover photos
%X A montage of images from the splendid karst around Guilin and Yangshuo in Guangxi, China. Photographs by Tony Waltham.
%A Tony Waltham
%_ end