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# format auto-updated on access: Sat 31-Dec-2022 17:22:06 +00:00

# sandbox: Journal 120 has gone to press and is due for publication in December 2022
CREG Journal 120 (0-20)
This issue has a cover date of December 2022 and was published on 31 December 2022.

Front Cover (1)
A semi-duplex dual-wire cave telephone in operation. Photo: Nuraniya Ilyasova

Contents (2)
List of contents and masthead information.

News and Notes (2)
CREG Committee Meetings, Regular Columns, Hybrid Field Meeting 2023, Rob Gill.

A Semi-duplex Dual-wire Telephone for Expedition or Cave Rescue Use (3-5)
Single-wire telephones have been featured here on several occasions. However, according to Gleb Kucherovskiy, despite its requirement for twice the weight and bulk of the line, twin-wire telephones can have performance benefits. Here he provides full constructional details of a twin-wire telephone for caving use.

A Miniaturised Radiolocation Beacon with a Ferrite Core (6-8)
Brian Pease describes a small self-contained radiolocation beacon that incorporates an antenna constructed from a stack of toroidal ferrite cores. This design eases transport and deployment underground, compared with larger frame antennas, and is useable to a depth of approximately 75m.

We Hear (9)
Roundup of news and events: Mike Bedford brings us the latest to impact the world of cave radio and electronics. Solid-State Batteries Closer to Reality, Affordable Shortwave UV Flashlight, Raspberry Pi as a Tiny PC for Caving Use?

Geophysical Survey Techniques	(10-12)
Tony Haigh provides an overview of a number of non-invasive techniques that have potential for discovering caves, mines and other underground features.

Investigating Licence-free 433MHz and 2.4GHz Modules for use in Caving Projects	(13-15)
433MHz and 2.4GHz transmitter, receiver and transceiver modules are cheap, and may be used legally in many countries. Mike Bedford considers how they may be used for caving applications and provides some practical guidance.

HF Radio Experiments at Fort Stanton Cave, New Mexico, USA (16-19)
Fort Stanton Cave continues to be explored, with current progress and campsites some 20km from the entrance. John T. M. Lyles, of the Fort Stanton Cave Study Project, has been testing HF radio data transmission as a possibility for communications in the cave.

Letters to the Editor	(19)
Viewing stereo images, Stuart France, Brian Pease.

Digital Object Identifiers - Part 1	(20)
Digital Object Identifiers (DOI) are persistent long-lasting references, usually bound to a URL and intended to identify an online document. This makes them slightly different to, for example, an ISBN (book number), which merely identifies a product, because a DOI can also deliver a product. In this brief overview, David Gibson explains the DOI system used by the British Cave Research Association and, in part 2, will give examples of the webserver coding. He notes that BCRA does not use an official DOI implementation because surely, a URL is just a URL?