This file is not intended to be read by humans. Please see the formatted index to item ref. cks129 - Volume 43(3)

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%0 Journal
%1 cavekarstscience
%2 £6.00 plus postage
%J Cave and Karst Science
%E John Gunn, David Lowe
%D 2016
%C Buxton
%I British Cave Research Association
%P iv + 48
%Z A4, with photos, maps and diagrams
%N 43(3),2016 (December),January 2017
%@ ISSN 1356-191X
%3 The Transactions of the British Cave Research Association.
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# ===== ARTICLES SECTION

%P i
%T Front cover photo
%A Chris Proctor
%X The main lake in Pen Park Hole and this smaller pool at the end of First Chamber contain the only known cavernicolous population of the stygobitic shrimp N. kochianus in Britain. (Photo: Chris Proctor).
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%P ii
%T Notes for Contributors
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%P 97
%T Contents
%_ end

%P 98
%T Editorial
%A John Gunn, David Lowe
%_ end

%P 99-102
%T The earliest known artificial pulse tracing experiments in karst
%9 report
%A John Gunn
%X Analysis of the response of springs to artificially generated flood pulses is a well established, but underused method of obtaining information on karst groundwater systems. The earliest known use of artificial flood pulses took place prior to 1879 at Malham in northern England. The first scientific account was published in the same year and twenty years later the experiments were repeated. Further pulse-tests were undertaken at Malham in 1972, 1973, 1992 and in May 2016 as part of a BCRA Field Meeting. In the present report the achievements of the 19th-century scientists are reviewed in advance of a more detailed report on the 2016 experiments.
%8 Received: 09 December 2016; Accepted: 19 December 2016.
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%P 103-106
%T Preliminary uranium-series ages and stable-isotopes from Fairy Hole, Warton Crag, Lancashire, UK: implications for speleogenesis and palaeoclimate
%9 report
%A Phillip J Murphy, Gina Moseley, Max Moseley, R Lawrence Edwards
%X Three uranium series dates from Warton Crag confirm a pre-last glacial maximum age for the draining of a phreatic cave fragment in the Morecambe Bay karst of northwest England. Preliminary δ18O and δ13C results appear to record millennial-scale climate variability.
%8 Received: 10 August 2016; Accepted: 12 October 2016
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%P 107-108
%T The Pen Park Hole Invertebrate Survey: the first cave SSSI in Britain to include ecology in its notification
%9 report
%A Lee R F D Knight
%X On 04 August 2016 Pen Park Hole became the latest cave site to be notified as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) by Natural England. It was notified both for its 'cave geology' and its 'community of cave invertebrates' and thus is the first example in Britain in which ecological significance was included in the decision to designate the site as a SSSI. This brief Report outlines the invertebrate survey commissioned by Natural England in December 2013 (as part of a series of investigations into the scientific interest of the cave) that supplemented earlier work carried out by members of the Cave Research Group of Great Britain (CRG) during 1957 and 1958.
%K Pen Park Hole, Bristol, SSSI notification, cave invertebrate communities, subterranean invertebrate habitats, Niphargus kochianus, Niphargus fontanus, lake, pools.
%8 Received: 17 October 2016; Accepted: 23 October 2016.
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%P 109-116
%T A new radiometric date and assessment of the Last Glacial megafauna of Dream Cave, Derbyshire, UK
%9 paper
%A Donald A McFarlane, Joyce Lundberg, Guy Van Rentergem, Eliza Howlett, Chris Stimpson
%X The extinct fauna of Dream Cave, Derbyshire, has played a significant role in the history of British cave palaeontology, a near-complete woolly rhinoceros from the cave having been famously illustrated in 1823. The fauna was not subsequently re-studied until 2000, with the publication of an indirect radiometric date by uranium-series disequilibrium dating of a presumed-overlying flowstone. Here we present a direct radiocarbon date of 43,330±1800 rcyBP; 45,083–48,613 calBP (1 σ) on a representative Bos/Bison bone, with additional comments on the fauna and the taphonomy of the site.
%K Coelodonta, Bos, Bison, Rangifer, Marine isotope Stage 3, Pleistocene, Britain.
%8 Received: 28 October 2016; Accepted: 01 December 2016.
%_ end

%P 117-126
%T What was it like to be a cave scientist in the Past?
%9 paper
%A Trevor Shaw
%X What was it like to be a cave scientist in previous centuries? What were their starting points? What were the beliefs accepted at the time as facts? And what happened that made their task easier? They had two authorities to guide them: the Greek and Roman classics and the Bible, especially the Bible, for it provided useful facts about the (young) age of the Earth and the supposed historical fact of the great universal flood. Before the 1660s there was little direct communication between scientists of any sort; but from then on, the new learned societies produced regular journals so that a person publishing his ideas knew that they would be read by his peers. Four case studies illustrate how contemporary beliefs could lead logically to rather strange conclusions - logical conclusions from false premises. (This paper is based upon a Keynote Lecture delivered at Postojna on 19 June 2015, on the occasion of the 50th Anniversary of the founding of the Union Internationale de Spéléologie).
%K speleohistory, Bible, speleogenesis, speleothems, Catcott, Cerknica lake.
%8 Received: 25 August 2016; Accepted: 27 October 2016.
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%P 127-139
%T An almost unknown subterranean habitat: British maritime terrestrial caves
%9 paper
%A Max Moseley, Chris Proctor
%X caves situated on or near the shore within the supralittoral and nearshore terrestrial zones, referred to herein as Maritime Terrestrial Caves (MTCs), support populations of terrestrial cavernicolous invertebrates closely associated with maritime species. This habitat might be a route by which the latter colonize and adapt to subterranean spaces. Thus MTCs are potentially of considerable evolutionary significance, but investigations are in their infancy. In this paper we collate all currently-available information on British MTCs, make some generalizations about their fauna, and briefly discuss the significance of these speleobiologically interesting sites.
%K maritime caves, fauna, terrestrial, aquatic, evolution, Great Britain.
%8 Received: 04 November 2016; Accepted: 05 December 2016.
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%P 140-144
%9 Forum
%T Abstracts: 27th British Cave Research Association Cave Science Symposium
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%P 144
%9 Forum
%T Book Review
%X Leach, S.L. 2015. Going Underground: an Anthropological and Taphonomic Study of Human Skeletal Remains from Caves and Rock Shelters in Yorkshire. Published: Leeds: Yorkshire Archaeological Society
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%P iii
%T Research Fund and Grants
%_ end

%P iv
%T Back cover photos
%A Guy van Rentergem, Phil Murphy, Andy Rumming, Chris Proctor, Joyce Lundberg
%X A selection of photographs and one figure taken from papers and reports in this Issue, together with one photograph previously published in the BCRA Annual Review for 2015, all related to various aspects of biospeleology, cave archaeology or speleohistory. (See contents page for photo captions).
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